diff --git a/src/core/tests/Deal.Tests.Unit/Api/MlOutboxFlushSchedulerTests.cs b/src/core/tests/Deal.Tests.Unit/Api/MlOutboxFlushSchedulerTests.cs
index d909057..ef50d41 100644
--- a/src/core/tests/Deal.Tests.Unit/Api/MlOutboxFlushSchedulerTests.cs
+++ b/src/core/tests/Deal.Tests.Unit/Api/MlOutboxFlushSchedulerTests.cs
@@ -39,14 +39,14 @@ public sealed class MlOutboxFlushSchedulerTests
     {
         await MlGrpcTestHost.RunAsync(MlGrpcTestHost.DefaultToken, new RecordingMlService(), async (port, service) =>
         {
-            var store = new FakeMlLearningStore();
+            var store = new TestMlLearningStore();
             SeedRows(store, count: 25, prefix: "a");
             var tenantContext = new TenantContext();
             await using ServiceProvider provider = BuildProvider(
                 port,
                 new TestTenantRepository(Tenant(TenantA)),
                 tenantContext,
-                new Dictionary<Guid, FakeMlLearningStore> { [TenantA] = store });
+                new Dictionary<Guid, TestMlLearningStore> { [TenantA] = store });
             MlOutboxFlushScheduler scheduler = CreateScheduler(provider);
 
             await scheduler.RunCycleAsync(CancellationToken.None);
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ public sealed class MlOutboxFlushSchedulerTests
             // 25 строк → 3 батча по 10/10/5 (ml_client.flush_outbox: chunk=10), строки удалены после успеха.
             Assert.Equal(3, service.TrainCalls);
             Assert.Equal(new[] { 10, 10, 5 }, service.TrainBatches.Select(batch => batch.Items.Count).ToArray());
-            Assert.Equal(0, await store.CountOutboxAsync(CancellationToken.None));
+            Assert.Equal(0, await store.Store.CountOutboxAsync(CancellationToken.None));
             Assert.False(tenantContext.HasTenant); // контекст AsyncLocal не переживает проход
         });
     }
@@ -65,23 +65,23 @@ public sealed class MlOutboxFlushSchedulerTests
         await MlGrpcTestHost.RunAsync(MlGrpcTestHost.DefaultToken, new RecordingMlService(), async (port, service) =>
         {
             service.TrainUnavailable = true;
-            var store = new FakeMlLearningStore();
+            var store = new TestMlLearningStore();
             SeedRows(store, count: 5, prefix: "a");
             var tenantContext = new TenantContext();
             await using ServiceProvider provider = BuildProvider(
                 port,
                 new TestTenantRepository(Tenant(TenantA)),
                 tenantContext,
-                new Dictionary<Guid, FakeMlLearningStore> { [TenantA] = store });
+                new Dictionary<Guid, TestMlLearningStore> { [TenantA] = store });
             MlOutboxFlushScheduler scheduler = CreateScheduler(provider);
 
             await scheduler.RunCycleAsync(CancellationToken.None);
-            Assert.Equal(5, await store.CountOutboxAsync(CancellationToken.None)); // строки остались
+            Assert.Equal(5, await store.Store.CountOutboxAsync(CancellationToken.None)); // строки остались
 
             // Следующий цикл — повторная попытка (ретрай на каждом тике; строки снова не удалены).
             await scheduler.RunCycleAsync(CancellationToken.None);
             Assert.Equal(2, service.TrainCalls);
-            Assert.Equal(5, await store.CountOutboxAsync(CancellationToken.None));
+            Assert.Equal(5, await store.Store.CountOutboxAsync(CancellationToken.None));
             Assert.False(tenantContext.HasTenant);
         });
     }
@@ -91,16 +91,16 @@ public sealed class MlOutboxFlushSchedulerTests
     {
         await MlGrpcTestHost.RunAsync(MlGrpcTestHost.DefaultToken, new RecordingMlService(), async (port, service) =>
         {
-            var storeA = new FakeMlLearningStore();
+            var storeA = new TestMlLearningStore();
             SeedRows(storeA, count: 12, prefix: "a");
-            var storeB = new FakeMlLearningStore();
+            var storeB = new TestMlLearningStore();
             SeedRows(storeB, count: 3, prefix: "b");
             var tenantContext = new TenantContext();
             await using ServiceProvider provider = BuildProvider(
                 port,
                 new TestTenantRepository(Tenant(TenantA), Tenant(TenantB)),
                 tenantContext,
-                new Dictionary<Guid, FakeMlLearningStore> { [TenantA] = storeA, [TenantB] = storeB });
+                new Dictionary<Guid, TestMlLearningStore> { [TenantA] = storeA, [TenantB] = storeB });
             MlOutboxFlushScheduler scheduler = CreateScheduler(provider);
 
             await scheduler.RunCycleAsync(CancellationToken.None);
@@ -108,8 +108,8 @@ public sealed class MlOutboxFlushSchedulerTests
             // Каждый тенант выгрузил свою очередь в собственном scope (A: 10+2, B: 3) — строки удалены.
             Assert.Equal(3, service.TrainCalls);
             Assert.Equal(new[] { 10, 2, 3 }, service.TrainBatches.Select(batch => batch.Items.Count).ToArray());
-            Assert.Equal(0, await storeA.CountOutboxAsync(CancellationToken.None));
-            Assert.Equal(0, await storeB.CountOutboxAsync(CancellationToken.None));
+            Assert.Equal(0, await storeA.Store.CountOutboxAsync(CancellationToken.None));
+            Assert.Equal(0, await storeB.Store.CountOutboxAsync(CancellationToken.None));
             Assert.False(tenantContext.HasTenant);
         });
     }
@@ -119,20 +119,20 @@ public sealed class MlOutboxFlushSchedulerTests
     {
         await MlGrpcTestHost.RunAsync(MlGrpcTestHost.DefaultToken, new RecordingMlService(), async (port, service) =>
         {
-            var store = new FakeMlLearningStore();
+            var store = new TestMlLearningStore();
             SeedRows(store, count: 105, prefix: "a");
             var tenantContext = new TenantContext();
             await using ServiceProvider provider = BuildProvider(
                 port,
                 new TestTenantRepository(Tenant(TenantA)),
                 tenantContext,
-                new Dictionary<Guid, FakeMlLearningStore> { [TenantA] = store });
+                new Dictionary<Guid, TestMlLearningStore> { [TenantA] = store });
             MlOutboxFlushScheduler scheduler = CreateScheduler(provider);
 
             await scheduler.RunCycleAsync(CancellationToken.None);
 
             Assert.Equal(10, service.TrainCalls);
-            Assert.Equal(5, await store.CountOutboxAsync(CancellationToken.None));
+            Assert.Equal(5, await store.Store.CountOutboxAsync(CancellationToken.None));
         });
     }
 
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ public sealed class MlOutboxFlushSchedulerTests
         int port,
         TestTenantRepository tenants,
         TenantContext tenantContext,
-        Dictionary<Guid, FakeMlLearningStore> storesByTenant)
+        Dictionary<Guid, TestMlLearningStore> storesByTenant)
     {
         var services = new ServiceCollection();
         services.AddSingleton<ITenantContext>(tenantContext);
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ public sealed class MlOutboxFlushSchedulerTests
         services.AddScoped<IMlClient>(provider => provider.GetRequiredService<GrpcMlClient>());
         services.AddScoped<IMlTrainClient>(provider => provider.GetRequiredService<GrpcMlClient>());
         // Tenant-scoped адаптеры: выбирают фейк по тому же ITenantContext, который планировщик заполняет SetTenant.
-        services.AddScoped<IMlLearningStore>(provider => storesByTenant[TenantOf(provider)]);
+        services.AddScoped<IMlLearningStore>(provider => storesByTenant[TenantOf(provider)].Store);
         services.AddScoped<ISettingsStore>(_ => new TestSettingsStore().Store);
         services.AddScoped<ITenantLimitStore>(_ => new TestTenantLimitStore().Store);
         services.AddScoped<TokenUsageEventService>(_ => new TokenUsageEventService(new TestTokenUsageEventStore().Store));
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ public sealed class MlOutboxFlushSchedulerTests
     // count: Число строк.
     // prefix: Префикс id (различает тенантов теста).
     private static void SeedRows(
-        FakeMlLearningStore store,
+        TestMlLearningStore store,
         int count,
         string prefix)
     {
diff --git a/src/core/tests/Deal.Tests.Unit/Api/RuntimeDepthsCollectorTests.cs b/src/core/tests/Deal.Tests.Unit/Api/RuntimeDepthsCollectorTests.cs
index f2dba86..98cc00e 100644
--- a/src/core/tests/Deal.Tests.Unit/Api/RuntimeDepthsCollectorTests.cs
+++ b/src/core/tests/Deal.Tests.Unit/Api/RuntimeDepthsCollectorTests.cs
@@ -38,10 +38,10 @@ public sealed class RuntimeDepthsCollectorTests
         pipelineByTenant[TenantA.ToString("N")].SeedQueue(QueueItem("p_a2"));
         pipelineByTenant[TenantB.ToString("N")].SeedQueue(QueueItem("p_b1"));
 
-        var outboxByTenant = new Dictionary<string, FakeMlLearningStore>
+        var outboxByTenant = new Dictionary<string, TestMlLearningStore>
         {
-            [TenantA.ToString("N")] = new FakeMlLearningStore(),
-            [TenantB.ToString("N")] = new FakeMlLearningStore(),
+            [TenantA.ToString("N")] = new TestMlLearningStore(),
+            [TenantB.ToString("N")] = new TestMlLearningStore(),
         };
         outboxByTenant[TenantA.ToString("N")].SeedOutbox("mle_1", "текст", "spam");
 
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ public sealed class RuntimeDepthsCollectorTests
     {
         RuntimeDepthsCollector collector = Build(
             new Dictionary<string, FakePipelineStore>(),
-            new Dictionary<string, FakeMlLearningStore>(),
+            new Dictionary<string, TestMlLearningStore>(),
             tenants: Array.Empty<TenantRecordDto>());
 
         RuntimeDepthsDto depths = await collector.CollectAsync(CancellationToken.None);
@@ -126,8 +126,8 @@ public sealed class RuntimeDepthsCollectorTests
     private static Dictionary<string, FakePipelineStore> PipelineStores(params Guid[] tenants)
         => tenants.ToDictionary(tenant => tenant.ToString("N"), _ => new FakePipelineStore());
 
-    private static Dictionary<string, FakeMlLearningStore> OutboxStores(params Guid[] tenants)
-        => tenants.ToDictionary(tenant => tenant.ToString("N"), _ => new FakeMlLearningStore());
+    private static Dictionary<string, TestMlLearningStore> OutboxStores(params Guid[] tenants)
+        => tenants.ToDictionary(tenant => tenant.ToString("N"), _ => new TestMlLearningStore());
 
     private static TenantRecordDto[] TenantRecords(params Guid[] tenants)
         => tenants
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ public sealed class RuntimeDepthsCollectorTests
     // Собирает коллектор поверх tenant-scoped фейков (как реальные адаптеры по ITenantContext).
     private static RuntimeDepthsCollector Build(
         IReadOnlyDictionary<string, FakePipelineStore> pipelineByTenant,
-        IReadOnlyDictionary<string, FakeMlLearningStore> outboxByTenant,
+        IReadOnlyDictionary<string, TestMlLearningStore> outboxByTenant,
         IReadOnlyList<TenantRecordDto>? tenants = null,
         ITenantLimitStore? limitStore = null)
     {
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ public sealed class RuntimeDepthsCollectorTests
         services.AddScoped<IMlClient>(_ => new TestMlClient().Client);
         services.AddScoped<PipelineIngestService>();
         services.AddScoped<PipelineProcessingService>();
-        services.AddScoped<IMlLearningStore>(provider => outboxByTenant[CurrentTenant(provider)]);
+        services.AddScoped<IMlLearningStore>(provider => outboxByTenant[CurrentTenant(provider)].Store);
         services.AddSingleton<ITenantLimitStore>(limitStore ?? new TestTenantLimitStore().Store);
 
         ServiceProvider provider = services.BuildServiceProvider();
diff --git a/src/core/tests/Deal.Tests.Unit/Contracts/GrpcMlClientTests.cs b/src/core/tests/Deal.Tests.Unit/Contracts/GrpcMlClientTests.cs
index feaf56d..484de59 100644
--- a/src/core/tests/Deal.Tests.Unit/Contracts/GrpcMlClientTests.cs
+++ b/src/core/tests/Deal.Tests.Unit/Contracts/GrpcMlClientTests.cs
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ public sealed class GrpcMlClientTests
             var settings = new TestSettingsStore();
             settings.Preload(SettingsKeys.MlDecisions, "7");
             settings.Preload(SettingsKeys.AiDecisions, "3");
-            var learning = new FakeMlLearningStore { LearningCount = 9 };
+            var learning = new TestMlLearningStore { LearningCount = 9 };
 
             IMlClient client = CreateClient(port, settings, learning);
             MlStatusResponseDto status = await client.StatusAsync(CancellationToken.None);
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ public sealed class GrpcMlClientTests
     {
         await MlGrpcTestHost.RunAsync(MlGrpcTestHost.DefaultToken, new RecordingMlService(), async (port, service) =>
         {
-            var learning = new FakeMlLearningStore();
+            var learning = new TestMlLearningStore();
             learning.SeedOutbox("mle_1", "текст 1", "b_a", 1.0);
             learning.SeedOutbox("mle_2", "текст 2", "spam", 1.0);
             IMlClient client = CreateClient(port, learning: learning);
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ public sealed class GrpcMlClientTests
 
             Assert.True(reset.Ok);
             Assert.Null(reset.Error);
-            Assert.Equal(0, await learning.CountOutboxAsync(CancellationToken.None)); // очередь очищена
+            Assert.Equal(0, await learning.Store.CountOutboxAsync(CancellationToken.None)); // очередь очищена
             Assert.Equal(1, service.ResetCalls);
 
             _ = await client.StatusAsync(CancellationToken.None);
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ public sealed class GrpcMlClientTests
         await MlGrpcTestHost.RunAsync(MlGrpcTestHost.DefaultToken, new RecordingMlService(), async (port, service) =>
         {
             service.ResetReply = new ResetReply { Ok = false, Error = "не удалось пересоздать файл модели" };
-            var learning = new FakeMlLearningStore();
+            var learning = new TestMlLearningStore();
             learning.SeedOutbox("mle_1", "текст", "b_a", 1.0);
 
             IMlClient client = CreateClient(port, learning: learning);
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ public sealed class GrpcMlClientTests
 
             Assert.False(reset.Ok);
             Assert.Equal("не удалось пересоздать файл модели", reset.Error);
-            Assert.Equal(1, await learning.CountOutboxAsync(CancellationToken.None));
+            Assert.Equal(1, await learning.Store.CountOutboxAsync(CancellationToken.None));
         });
     }
 
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ public sealed class GrpcMlClientTests
         await MlGrpcTestHost.RunAsync(MlGrpcTestHost.DefaultToken, new RecordingMlService(), async (port, service) =>
         {
             service.ResetUnavailable = true;
-            var learning = new FakeMlLearningStore();
+            var learning = new TestMlLearningStore();
             learning.SeedOutbox("mle_1", "текст", "spam", 1.0);
 
             IMlClient client = CreateClient(port, learning: learning);
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ public sealed class GrpcMlClientTests
 
             Assert.False(reset.Ok);
             Assert.Equal("ML-сервис недоступен", reset.Error);
-            Assert.Equal(1, await learning.CountOutboxAsync(CancellationToken.None));
+            Assert.Equal(1, await learning.Store.CountOutboxAsync(CancellationToken.None));
         });
     }
 
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ public sealed class GrpcMlClientTests
     {
         await MlGrpcTestHost.RunAsync(MlGrpcTestHost.DefaultToken, new RecordingMlService(), async (port, service) =>
         {
-            var learning = new FakeMlLearningStore();
+            var learning = new TestMlLearningStore();
             IMlClient client = CreateClient(port, learning: learning);
 
             await client.PushAsync("  нужен python  ", "b_junior", 1.0, CancellationToken.None);
@@ -310,17 +310,18 @@ public sealed class GrpcMlClientTests
     private static GrpcMlClient CreateClient(
         int port,
         TestSettingsStore? settings = null,
-        FakeMlLearningStore? learning = null,
+        TestMlLearningStore? learning = null,
         MlStatusCache? cache = null)
     {
         settings ??= new TestSettingsStore();
+        learning ??= new TestMlLearningStore();
         ITenantContext tenantContext = new TenantContext();
         tenantContext.SetTenant(new TenantId(TenantIdValue));
         var options = new MlServiceOptions { UseLocal = false, Endpoint = $"http://127.0.0.1:{port}" };
         return new GrpcMlClient(
             tenantContext,
             settings.Store,
-            learning ?? new FakeMlLearningStore(),
+            learning.Store,
             new MlGrpcConnection(options),
             cache ?? new MlStatusCache(),
             new TokenUsageRecorder(
diff --git a/src/core/tests/Deal.Tests.Unit/Contracts/IntegrationsDiTests.cs b/src/core/tests/Deal.Tests.Unit/Contracts/IntegrationsDiTests.cs
index 129e462..e2957c6 100644
--- a/src/core/tests/Deal.Tests.Unit/Contracts/IntegrationsDiTests.cs
+++ b/src/core/tests/Deal.Tests.Unit/Contracts/IntegrationsDiTests.cs
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ public sealed class IntegrationsDiTests
         services.AddScoped<ISettingsStore>(_ => new TestSettingsStore().Store);
         services.AddScoped<ISecretCipher>(_ => TestCiphers.New());
         services.AddScoped<ICardStore>(_ => new FakeKanjStore());
-        services.AddScoped<IMlLearningStore>(_ => new FakeMlLearningStore());
+        services.AddScoped<IMlLearningStore>(_ => new TestMlLearningStore().Store);
         services.AddScoped<ITenantLimitStore>(_ => new TestTenantLimitStore().Store);
         services.AddScoped<TokenUsageEventService>(_ => new TokenUsageEventService(new TestTokenUsageEventStore().Store));
         services.AddScoped<LocalFieldsParser>();
diff --git a/src/core/tests/Deal.Tests.Unit/Modules/Kanban/FakeMlLearningStore.cs b/src/core/tests/Deal.Tests.Unit/Modules/Kanban/FakeMlLearningStore.cs
deleted file mode 100644
index 43fc9f0..0000000
--- a/src/core/tests/Deal.Tests.Unit/Modules/Kanban/FakeMlLearningStore.cs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,79 +0,0 @@
-using Deal.Modules.Kanban.Application.Abstractions;
-using Deal.Modules.Kanban.Application.Models;
-
-namespace Deal.Tests.Unit.Modules.Kanban;
-
-/// <summary>
-/// In-memory реализация <see cref="IMlLearningStore"/> для unit-тестов ML-интеграции.
-/// </summary>
-public sealed class FakeMlLearningStore : IMlLearningStore
-{
-    private readonly List<(string Id, string Text, string Label, double Delta)> _rows = [];
-
-    /// <summary>
-    /// Число записей журнала обучения
-    /// </summary>
-    public int LearningCount { get; set; }
-
-    /// <summary>
-    /// Строки очереди
-    /// </summary>
-    public IReadOnlyList<(string Id, string Text, string Label, double Delta)> AddedRows => _rows.ToList();
-
-    /// <inheritdoc />
-    public Task<int> CountLearningAsync(CancellationToken ct) => Task.FromResult(LearningCount);
-
-    /// <inheritdoc />
-    public Task<int> CountOutboxAsync(CancellationToken ct) => Task.FromResult(_rows.Count);
-
-    /// <inheritdoc />
-    public Task AddOutboxAsync(
-        string id,
-        string text,
-        string label,
-        double delta,
-        CancellationToken ct)
-    {
-        _rows.Add((id, text, label, delta));
-        return Task.CompletedTask;
-    }
-
-    /// <summary>
-    /// Пишет строку очереди напрямую
-    /// </summary>
-    /// <param name="id">Id строки (<c>mle_...</c>).</param>
-    /// <param name="text">Текст обучающего примера.</param>
-    /// <param name="label">Метка обучения.</param>
-    /// <param name="delta">Вес сигнала.</param>
-    public void SeedOutbox(
-        string id,
-        string text,
-        string label,
-        double delta = 1.0)
-    {
-        _rows.Add((id, text, label, delta));
-    }
-
-    /// <inheritdoc />
-    public Task ClearOutboxAsync(CancellationToken ct)
-    {
-        _rows.Clear();
-        return Task.CompletedTask;
-    }
-
-    /// <inheritdoc />
-    public Task<IReadOnlyList<MlOutboxEntryDto>> TakeOutboxBatchAsync(int limit, CancellationToken ct)
-    {
-        return Task.FromResult<IReadOnlyList<MlOutboxEntryDto>>(
-            _rows.Take(limit)
-                .Select(row => new MlOutboxEntryDto(row.Id, row.Text, row.Label, row.Delta))
-                .ToList());
-    }
-
-    /// <inheritdoc />
-    public Task DeleteOutboxAsync(IReadOnlyCollection<string> ids, CancellationToken ct)
-    {
-        _rows.RemoveAll(row => ids.Contains(row.Id));
-        return Task.CompletedTask;
-    }
-}
diff --git a/src/core/tests/Deal.Tests.Unit/Support/LocalMlClientTests.cs b/src/core/tests/Deal.Tests.Unit/Support/LocalMlClientTests.cs
index f090de9..aa3e59f 100644
--- a/src/core/tests/Deal.Tests.Unit/Support/LocalMlClientTests.cs
+++ b/src/core/tests/Deal.Tests.Unit/Support/LocalMlClientTests.cs
@@ -28,8 +28,11 @@ public sealed class LocalMlClientTests
     // store: Хранилище настроек тенанта.
     // learning: Хранилище обучения (по умолчанию пустое: счётчики 0).
     // Возвращает: Экземпляр LocalMlClient.
-    private static LocalMlClient CreateClient(TestSettingsStore store, FakeMlLearningStore? learning = null)
-        => new(store.Store, learning ?? new FakeMlLearningStore());
+    private static LocalMlClient CreateClient(TestSettingsStore store, TestMlLearningStore? learning = null)
+    {
+        learning ??= new TestMlLearningStore();
+        return new(store.Store, learning.Store);
+    }
 
 
     [Fact]
@@ -126,7 +129,7 @@ public sealed class LocalMlClientTests
     public async Task StatusAsync_ReportsLearningAndOutboxFromTables()
     {
         var store = new TestSettingsStore();
-        var learning = new FakeMlLearningStore { LearningCount = 3 }; // журнал CardMoves: 3 записи
+        var learning = new TestMlLearningStore { LearningCount = 3 }; // журнал CardMoves: 3 записи
         LocalMlClient client = CreateClient(store, learning);
         await client.PushAsync("Разработчик Python, готов к проекту", "b_alpha", 1.0, CancellationToken.None);
         await client.PushAsync("Спам: купите курсы", "spam", -1.0, CancellationToken.None);
@@ -162,7 +165,7 @@ public sealed class LocalMlClientTests
     [Fact]
     public async Task PushAsync_WritesOutboxRow_WithMleIdAndTrimmedFields()
     {
-        var learning = new FakeMlLearningStore();
+        var learning = new TestMlLearningStore();
         LocalMlClient client = CreateClient(new TestSettingsStore(), learning);
 
         await client.PushAsync("  Python-разработчик, готов к работе  ", "  b_alpha  ", 1.0, CancellationToken.None);
@@ -182,7 +185,7 @@ public sealed class LocalMlClientTests
     [InlineData("текст", "  ")] // label из пробелов — пуста после trim
     public async Task PushAsync_EmptyTextOrLabelAfterTrim_IsNoOp(string text, string label)
     {
-        var learning = new FakeMlLearningStore();
+        var learning = new TestMlLearningStore();
         LocalMlClient client = CreateClient(new TestSettingsStore(), learning);
 
         await client.PushAsync(text, label, 1.0, CancellationToken.None);
@@ -193,7 +196,7 @@ public sealed class LocalMlClientTests
     [Fact]
     public async Task PushAsync_TextOver6000_IsTruncatedToMaxLength()
     {
-        var learning = new FakeMlLearningStore();
+        var learning = new TestMlLearningStore();
         LocalMlClient client = CreateClient(new TestSettingsStore(), learning);
         string longText = new string('а', MaxLearningTextLength + 1000);
 
@@ -207,7 +210,7 @@ public sealed class LocalMlClientTests
     [Fact]
     public async Task PushAsync_TruncationDoesNotSplitSurrogatePair()
     {
-        var learning = new FakeMlLearningStore();
+        var learning = new TestMlLearningStore();
         LocalMlClient client = CreateClient(new TestSettingsStore(), learning);
         // Длина 6001 в UTF-16: 5999 'x' + «🙂» (суррогатная пара) — срез .NET на 6000 попадает в пару.
         string text = new string('x', MaxLearningTextLength - 1) + "🙂";
@@ -223,7 +226,7 @@ public sealed class LocalMlClientTests
     [Fact]
     public async Task PushAsync_NegativeDelta_IsStoredAsIs()
     {
-        var learning = new FakeMlLearningStore();
+        var learning = new TestMlLearningStore();
         LocalMlClient client = CreateClient(new TestSettingsStore(), learning);
 
         await client.PushAsync("Это не спам — вернул из корзины", "spam", -1.0, CancellationToken.None);
@@ -262,7 +265,7 @@ public sealed class LocalMlClientTests
     {
         var store = new TestSettingsStore();
         store.Preload(SettingsKeys.MlDecisions, "7");
-        var learning = new FakeMlLearningStore { LearningCount = 4 }; // журнал CardMoves: 4 записи
+        var learning = new TestMlLearningStore { LearningCount = 4 }; // журнал CardMoves: 4 записи
         LocalMlClient client = CreateClient(store, learning);
         await client.PushAsync("текст 1", "b_alpha", 1.0, CancellationToken.None);
         await client.PushAsync("текст 2", "spam", -1.0, CancellationToken.None);
diff --git a/src/core/tests/Deal.Tests.Unit/Support/TestMlLearningStore.cs b/src/core/tests/Deal.Tests.Unit/Support/TestMlLearningStore.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aeebf7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/core/tests/Deal.Tests.Unit/Support/TestMlLearningStore.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+using Deal.Modules.Kanban.Application.Abstractions;
+using Deal.Modules.Kanban.Application.Models;
+using NSubstitute;
+
+namespace Deal.Tests.Unit.Support;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// Подставка <see cref="IMlLearningStore"/> на списках: сервисы получают NSubstitute-подставку
+/// (<see cref="Store"/>), тесты сеют/проверяют очередь через <see cref="SeedOutbox"/> и <see cref="AddedRows"/>.
+/// </summary>
+public sealed class TestMlLearningStore
+{
+    private readonly List<(string Id, string Text, string Label, double Delta)> _rows = [];
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Подставка порта ML-обучения (создаётся в конструкторе).
+    /// </summary>
+    public IMlLearningStore Store { get; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Число записей журнала обучения
+    /// </summary>
+    public int LearningCount { get; set; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Строки очереди
+    /// </summary>
+    public IReadOnlyList<(string Id, string Text, string Label, double Delta)> AddedRows => _rows.ToList();
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Создаёт подставку с пустой очередью.
+    /// </summary>
+    public TestMlLearningStore()
+    {
+        Store = Substitute.For<IMlLearningStore>();
+        Store.CountLearningAsync(Arg.Any<CancellationToken>())
+            .Returns(ci => LearningCount);
+        Store.CountOutboxAsync(Arg.Any<CancellationToken>())
+            .Returns(_ => _rows.Count);
+        Store.When(s => s.AddOutboxAsync(
+                Arg.Any<string>(), Arg.Any<string>(), Arg.Any<string>(), Arg.Any<double>(), Arg.Any<CancellationToken>()))
+            .Do(ci => _rows.Add((ci.ArgAt<string>(0), ci.ArgAt<string>(1), ci.ArgAt<string>(2), ci.ArgAt<double>(3))));
+        Store.When(s => s.ClearOutboxAsync(Arg.Any<CancellationToken>()))
+            .Do(_ => _rows.Clear());
+        Store.TakeOutboxBatchAsync(Arg.Any<int>(), Arg.Any<CancellationToken>())
+            .Returns(ci => _rows
+                .Take(ci.ArgAt<int>(0))
+                .Select(row => new MlOutboxEntryDto(row.Id, row.Text, row.Label, row.Delta))
+                .ToList());
+        Store.When(s => s.DeleteOutboxAsync(Arg.Any<IReadOnlyCollection<string>>(), Arg.Any<CancellationToken>()))
+            .Do(ci => _rows.RemoveAll(row => ci.Arg<IReadOnlyCollection<string>>().Contains(row.Id)));
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Пишет строку очереди напрямую
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="id">Id строки (<c>mle_...</c>).</param>
+    /// <param name="text">Текст обучающего примера.</param>
+    /// <param name="label">Метка обучения.</param>
+    /// <param name="delta">Вес сигнала.</param>
+    public void SeedOutbox(string id, string text, string label, double delta = 1.0)
+    {
+        _rows.Add((id, text, label, delta));
+    }
+}